Essay about A Short History Of The Blues - 2242 Words

The late 19th century marked a great deal of change in the United States as well as the rest of the world. World war one had begun and reeked great havoc on the entire world. Nikola Tesla and the fathers of communications had made major scientific breakthroughs in the communications field and modern radio programming was right around the corner. Slavery had been abolished for over thirty years but segregation was still an enormous factor amongst the African-American people in the U.S. One of the most segregated states in the entire country, Mississippi, was on the brink of one of the most influential forms of modern music that the world had ever seen or heard: the blues. What the blues did for music is reflective in almost every†¦show more content†¦A man sitting across from him is playing the guitar in a way that Handy has never seen. As Robert Santelli explains in his article A Century of the Blues, â€Å"He doesn’t finger the strings normally, instead, he pres ses a pocketknife against them, sliding it up and down to create a slinky sound†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (12). This technique, called slide guitar, would later become a staple of the most beautiful sounds of the pioneers of blues music. But not only is Handy amazed with the triumphant sound of the guitar, he is also mesmerized by the heart pounding words and eerie sound of the vocals coming from this dreadful looking specimen. This is the earliest known observation of the blues in the history of the world but not quite the birth of it. Santelli clarifies, â€Å"What Handy did on that railroad platform in Mississippi a century ago was witness the blues, not give birth to it† (13). Sadly enough, the birthplace of the blues is fairly uncertain. As Santelli makes clear, â€Å"ethnomusicologists didn’t become interested in the blues until later. Thus missing prime opportunities to document the origins of the music and to record its pioneers† (14). Even still there is enough e vidence to assume that the birthplace of the blues was somewhere in midst of the Mississippi Delta. Music is always a work in progress. When the slave ships arrived in the new world in the early seventeenth century they brought with them a culture of people who used music as aShow MoreRelatedBlues and Jazz Influence Paper1698 Words   |  7 Pages The Influence of 1920 Blues and Jazz on Modern Music Mark Carter The Influence of 1920 Blues and Jazz on Modern Music This paper is will try to show how the music that started with singing of old songs by the slaves to influences the music that the world listens to today. Shaping the music of Rock and Roll, Country and Western, and Easy Listening that influences every aspect of society’s everyday life are Blues and Jazz. In an interview many years ago on television, heard by thisRead MoreThe Blues : A Very Short Introduction Essay1689 Words   |  7 Pagesmusic enthusiasts or even music novices such as myself think of the blues, thoughts of hardship, adversity, and regret rush to mind. An individual loses his or her job, they get the blues. A close relative passes away, you feel the blues. Indeed, blues music is all too often associated with trials and tribulations. Yet, the blues itself seemingly encompasses much more than simply a sense of misery and unhappiness. Rather, the blues more so embodies overcoming hardship, moving past adversity, hopingRead MoreThe Poetry Of Lang ston Hughes1727 Words   |  7 Pagesan important influential part in the Harlem Renaissance, his poetry and other literary works helped pave way to a new wave of African American culture and literature. Hughes had a wide variety of works, he was much more than just a poet; he was a short-story writer, novelist, and playwright (Brucker). He was also very involved in the Black Arts Movement, and had works published in â€Å"The Crisis† the official journal of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People the (NAACP). TillRead MoreSpunk Play Review1400 Words   |  6 PagesGilded Six Bits.† Zora Neale Hurston strived to portray the reality of life as an African American in the early 1900s through native dialect in her short stories and novels. Her most notable production, Their Eyes Were Watching God, is a prime example of her effort to illustrate the life of the everyday Negro in search of a better life. Each of the short stories portrays a different, yet comparable view on African American culture in separate areas of the United States. Director Hilda Willis depictsRead MoreThe Blue Tang Fish : The Red Of The Wild And The Reef Ecosystem Will Die1729 Words   |  7 PagesIs it ethical to possess and continue to capture blue tangs from the wild to meet the increased demand for blue tangs partly due to the release of Finding Dory? Melissa Whelpton, Vivian Witzke, Serena Perras Background The Paracanthurus hepatus, commonly referred to as the blue tang, hippo tang, regal tang, blue surgeonfish, and Dory. The blue tang fish made its debut on the big screen in Disney’s Finding Nemo in 2003. After Finding Nemo was released, clownfish saw a 40% increase in demand asRead MoreEssay on James Langston Hughes891 Words   |  4 Pagescareer. His father paid his tuition to Columbia University on the grounds he study engineering. After a short time, Langston dropped out of the program with a B+ average, all the while he continued writing poetry. His first published poem was also one of his most famous, quot;The Negro Speaks of Riversquot;, and it appeared in Brownies Book. Later, his poems, short plays, essays, and short stories appeared in the NAACP publication Crisis Magazine and in Opportunity Magazine and other publicationsRead MoreSummary Of The Fall Of The House Of Usher 1173 Words   |  5 Pagesauthors, use the many mysterious encounters he faced as an asset for his short stories. A major influence was his time in Charleston, South Carolina, where he learned of the many superstitions and rituals of both the blacks and the whites of the area. His interests in horrific rituals like premature burials and zombication (which mainly involves voodoo, familiar to the Lowcountry Gullah culture) helped him to write horrific short stories, like â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher.† Poe’s gory and eerie settingRead MoreMusic Is Exceptionally Powerful And Meaningful To People1353 Words   |  6 Pagespowerful and meaningful to people worldwide as it serves as an expression of emotion. Authors of various literary works integrate music into their stories. In Baldwin s short story, Sonny s Blues, jazz music is an important part of the story that explores the life of one of the main characters, Sonny. During the time this short story was written, Charlie Parker, an influential jazz musician that is briefly acknowledged in the story, had an immense following. Charlie Parker (along with Louis Armstrong)Read MoreHow Color And The Affects It Has On The Human Brain982 Words   |  4 Pagesthe packaging to be appealing, and subconsciously playing into the plans of the companies. The history and study of color has presented a plethora of information regarding the important role color plays in everyday life. The scientific reasoning behind color psychology has yet to be specified due to the wide variety of factors that could affect the results, such as personal preference, personal history, and environmental conditions. Although marketers might not consider such specific details of colorRead MoreWhat it Means to be Black and Free in Charles Chestnutt’s The Wife of His Youth811 Words   |  3 Pagesconsideration should be based on the history, background, the black experience, and the challenges of the struggles that Africans and African Americans faced to be what we are today. It is also important that we recogni ze the aims and characteristics that helped shaped black history and gave attention to certain rights of women and men. One short story in particular that really interested me was Charles Chestnutt’s â€Å"The Wife of His Youth† (pg. 624). This short story was published in 1988 and displays

Essay on Shakespeares Macbeth is a Tragic Hero - 956 Words

Macbeth is a Tragic Hero Shakespeares tragic hero is a man of noble birth who falls from a position of honor and respect due to a flaw in his character. He freely chooses a course of action which ultimately causes him suffering and brings him to a fatal end.(Campbell 129) Macbeth is the epitome of a tragic hero who rises high then falls rock bottom to his death. Macbeth, once a noble man, follows the advice of witches, finds himself King, abuses his power and then gets killed. Macbeth goes through four stages until he reaches the end of his life; his original state, his tragic flaw, his downfall and finally his suffering. These four stages help to justify Shakespeares tragic hero. Macbeths original†¦show more content†¦In the wake of King Duncans murder, Macbeth is well liked and treated with respect by the people, but this soon changes as his character starts to shatter with the amount of power on his hands. In this second stage of Macbeths life, we find him to be stronger, yet he does not use his strength and bravery to good use. His new found strength mixes with his paranoia and his appetite for power creating him into a tyrant king. Macbeths next wrong turn is calling on murderers to kill Banquo because of fears that Banquos children will hold the throne. He calls the murderers with no fear and no worries. This time making the decision to kill Banquo on his own without the coaxing of Lady Macbeth. Without mentioning it to Lady Macbeth, the murderers carry on killing Banquo while Macbeth goes on. Yet, something is not right with Macbeth. This new found bravery and power in his character has turned into a flaw on Macbeths part. He is suddenly struck with guilt and overwhelming paranoia at his party as Banquos ghost makes an appearance to haunt Macbeth. Avaunt, and quit my sight! Let the earth hide thee. Thy bones are marrowless; they blood is cold; Thou hast no speculation in those eyes which thou dost glare with (3.4.113-116). Macbeth turns into a king who is afraid of losing his power and being found out of killing both Duncan and Banquo. Macbeth tells himself that in order to keep his power he must kill anyone who gets in his way and that is what heShow MoreRelatedEssay on Shakespeares Macbeth as Tragic Hero623 Words   |  3 PagesShakespeares Macbeth as Tragic Hero      Ã‚  Ã‚   Shakespeares Macbeth follows the journey of nobleman Macbeth that starts with him as Thane of Glamis and ends with him as King of Scotland. Macbeth is a tragic hero because he possesses all the traits that Aristotle outlined in his poetics. He said that the tragic hero must be a man that is higher than mortal worth, but has tragic flaws. Aristotle also stated that the flaws will lead to great suffering and usually death; the cause being fateRead MoreMacbeth as a Tragic Hero in Willian Shakespeares Macbeth2662 Words   |  11 PagesMacbeth as a Tragic Hero in Willian Shakespeares Macbeth Two and a half thousand years ago, Aristotle defined a tragedy as an imitation of an action that is serious, complete and of a certain magnitude. Two thousand years later, Shakespeare reincarnated this and other classical principles in the form of his four great tragedies; Hamlet, Othello, King Lear and Macbeth. Aristotle laid down some elements which he and other classical theorists seemed to think necessaryRead More Shakespeares Macbeth as Tragic Hero Essay examples872 Words   |  4 PagesMacbeth as Tragic Hero      Ã‚  Ã‚   Aristotle defined a tragic character is a man who â€Å"falls into misfortune through some flaw. (Grube, 5) Shakespeares tragic hero is a man who falls from his position of honor and respect due to a flaw in character and ultimately arrives at a fatal end. (Nostbakken, 2) Macbeth is an epitome of a tragic hero. He had a good nature, but was driven by greed and a quest for power. Macbeth had been a military hero,   loved and praised by the people, but his blind ambitionRead MoreEssay about Shakespeares Macbeth is a Tragic Hero1762 Words   |  8 PagesMacbeth is a Tragic Hero In many respects Macbeth, of Shakespeare’s play Macbeth is the least admirable tragic hero of literature. Typical tragic heroes have at least a few admirable character traits. One may, or may not like the hero, but there is something in their characters or their situation on which one can hang some sympathy, even if there is not enough for us to rationalize away their actions. But Macbeth is a mass murderer, who does away with friends, colleagues, womenRead MoreEssay on Shakespeares Macbeth - The Tragic Hero717 Words   |  3 PagesMacbeth - The Tragic Hero      Ã‚  Ã‚   Every true Elizabethan Tragedy comes complete with a tragic hero.   The tragedy Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare, has a perfect example of a tragic hero, otherwise known as Macbeth.   A tragic hero must be a man who is great and admirable in various ways.   He should be placed in society in such a way that everything he does affects all of the members of his society.   A tragic hero should at some point reach the top of Fortune’s Wheel, but land upRead MoreEssay on Shakespeares Macbeth as a Tragic Hero1087 Words   |  5 PagesMacbeth as a Tragic Hero According to the Greek philosopher Aristotle, The best tragic plot moves the hero from prosperity to misfortune, occasioned not by depravity, but by some great mistake he makes. The plot of Macbeth follows these basic guidelines; throughout the play we follow the path of the main character as his life is torn apart as a result of the colossal mistake he makes when he kills Duncan. It is for this and the many ensuing reasons that we can say that Macbeth accuratelyRead MoreEssay on Shakespeares Macbeth is a Tragic Hero1170 Words   |  5 Pagesaccount to create as much of an impact as possible on the reader or the audience. Macbeth, for example, is about one man, Macbeth who does what he thinks is necessary to become king but dies tragically due to his judgement. In this play, Shakespeare communicates how Macbeths destiny can be changed depending on how he deals with his predicted future, in other words, his fate versus his free will. Macbeth makes many foolish decisions throughout his life like believing evil and supernaturalRead More Shakespeares Macbeth as Tragic Hero Essay680 Words   |  3 PagesMacbeth as Tragic Hero      Ã‚  Ã‚   A tragic hero is usually a person of high esteem or social ranking cursed with a flaw or obsession that will eventually lead to their demise. Macbeth is a tragic hero. Examining the events that occur as Macbeth travels the typical path of a tragic hero easily supports this claim.    Before Macbeth is even introduced to the audience, Duncan and Ross speak of his greatness. When it is discovered that the Thane of Cawdor has surrendered, Duncan decides to giveRead More Aristotles Tragic Hero in Shakespeares Macbeth Essay examples1044 Words   |  5 PagesAristotles Tragic Hero in Macbeth      Ã‚  Ã‚   Aristotle and Shakespeare lived ages apart, but Aristotle had a great affect on Shakespeares plays. In Shakespeare’s tragic play, Macbeth, the character of Macbeth is consistent with Aristotles definition of the tragic hero.    Aristotles tragic hero is a man who is characterized by good and evil. He is a mixture of good characteristics and bad characteristics. For example, Macbeth was an honorable Thane of Glamis. He was a valiant fighterRead MoreMacbeth as a Tragic Hero in William Shakespeares Play Essay935 Words   |  4 PagesMacbeth as a Tragic Hero in William Shakespeares Play The play ‘Macbeth’ by William Shakespeare charts the rise and fall of the Scottish general Macbeth, through a tale of treachery, deceit and death. First performed in 1606 ‘Macbeth’ is inspired by a story of the Scottish monarchy. A tragic hero is one who at the outset is not wholly good or bad but has a character fault that causes them to make tragic mistakes resulting in their eventual downfall. ‘Macbeth’ is a renaissance

The Truth About Wage Inequality free essay sample

This paper intends to show that wage inequality based on gender is still a workable and imperative issue in todays American society. The following essay argues that gender issues with regards to wage equality in the American society still exist today. The author argues that although women have interrupted careers in order to tend to family matters, organizations have no right to lower the females wages because of potential pregnancy or family matters. From the paper: The fact that women often have interrupted careers in order to raise children or tend to family matters, as a reason for their lower pay. Using this logic we can assume that some people feel women are less reliable as well, for they fear women may have to leave their jobs in order to care for family or children. While some women do indeed leave their jobs to care for family only to return later, this should not be a factor in determining pay for women with equal skills to that of a man (Stewart, Prandy et al. We will write a custom essay sample on The Truth About Wage Inequality or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 1980) .

Contractual Aspects of Payroll Administration free essay sample

The department is responsible for the correct and timely administration of all payroll duties within the London office. This report will conclude with any findings, and a number of recommendations are made as to how the company can improve existing practises. 2. Legislation and Payroll â€Å"A contract is an agreement between two parties and is enforceable by law. A contract of employment is a contract of service and comes into being when an employee agrees to work for an employer in return for pay†. (Acas, 2012). The contracts used at Global contain start date, pay rate, pay method and date, notice of resignation or termination of employment, holiday entitlement and job title. These particulars must be included in all written contracts. (Gov. uk, 2013). The company only composes new contracts if there is a major variation in an employee’s circumstances, like change of role. Any other changes are confirmed via letter and filed, so the majority of original contracts are never modified. All starters are issued a contract before the start date which is signed by HR and sent to the new employee for signature. This is in line with the Employments Right Act 1996, where a written contract must be provided within 8 weeks of employment starting. (CIPD, 2012). Included with the contract is the company handbook, which contains all current terms and conditions and legislation that affects the employee whilst working at Global. (Employeradvice, n. d). These must be reviewed by the employee, signed and then returned to the company before commencement of employment. The employee at this point can raise any queries regarding any terms and conditions that are not clear. (ehow, n. d). As per the Employments Rights Act 1996, all employees at Global have access to an itemised payslip on or before pay day. (Carvel, 2012). The payslip must include all statutory deductions, gross salary and net amount payable. (HM Revenue Customs (HMRC), n. d). Payroll also includes all voluntary deductions on all payslips, all deductions on the payslip are itemised individually so that payroll does not need to provide a written statement. (CIPP 2012 p. ). HR performs various checks that are requested by law to comply with current legislation. (UK Border Agency, 2012). Once these checks are completed and approved the employee is fit for work at Global. Upon commencement the new employee is sent to HR and payroll to complete all necessary in-house paperwork. This starter pack includes employee personal information, bank and emergency details; all forms must be signed by both the employee and payroll/HR. The new employee must present a P45 as soon as possible to enable payroll to make the pay run deadline. If this not applicable or the employee does not possess one a P46 is completed. (HMRC, n. d) Due to the type of business and staff at Global, no employee is affected by the National Minimum Wage Act 1998 (Acas, n. d). All staff are employees and are paid in line with market rates which are above the minimum wage. Employees are advised that the first pay will be on the contractual pay date in line with the rest of the company. New employees have induction training with payroll and HR on day one of employment (Businessballs, 2010). The employee is taken around the company and informed of the company’s code of conduct, health and safety and where to find certain amenities. As part of the Asylum and Immigration Act 2006, Global is vigilant in its checks on employees from overseas. The company has numerous foreign workers and the appropriate paperwork is requested and received before the employee commences work. The relevant documents from approved and recognised lists (UK Border Agency 2012) are checked and copied for the payroll files. All new employees are entitled to company benefits which include, pension, season ticket loan, gym subsidy, BUPA and PHI. Employees who wish to participate in any of these schemes, fill in a form with the relevant details which the employee must sign to authorise payroll to make the deductions from monthly pay. The majority of employees are permanent staff; there are only two on fixed term contracts. All employees employed on either a fixed or permanent contract are entitled to all the staff benefits as per The Fixed Term Employees Regulations 2002 (Thompson Solicitors, 2013). Global also has ten staff that are employed on a part time basis; these employees also have entitlement to all benefits on a pro rata basis, as per The Part Time Workers Regulations 2000 (Compactlaw, 2013). Global has had to adopt additional aspects of the Employment Relations Act 1999 as there is a growing number of younger employees starting families. The company has had various parents taking time off for dependants when ill, and a couple of parents have been granted parental leave (Legislation, n. d). Payroll has to make manual adjustments to pay where there is unpaid time off. This has not had a major impact on the business as the tendency is that new mothers take the leave. (HM Government, 2012). Along with the aforementioned legislation, Global has had to update policies on the Employment Act 2002 and Work and Families Act 2006, (Legislation n. d) to coincide with the increasing number of new parents. All maternity and paternity leave and pay have been updated, along with adoption leave and pay as both areas have affected the company. Payroll has been proactive in updating the payroll system where necessary and changing the company in house forms used for maternity and paternity changes. Payroll and HR have also had to incorporate flexible working for parents. (Working families, 2012). This change has meant that payroll and HR need to draw up new contracts, change working patterns on the system and pro rata pay and benefits. Where there are any changes to legislation that affects Global, the staff handbook is updated and all employees are notified of these changes via email. 3. Processes The payroll department has written procedures in place which explains the processes the team complete for the pay run. â€Å"Documented procedures ensure a clear and defined approval process, efficient payroll activities, availability of forms and appropriate controls. † (ehow, 2013). Global operates a negative payroll for all staff (CIPP, 2008 p15). This means that no action is required for the payroll to be run every month. The small amount of manual input is overtime and any pay adjustments arising from change of employee circumstances. All contractual changes are only actioned once payroll have a copy of the signed confirmation letter by the HR manager. All paperwork that is copied and filed by payroll/HR is secured away in locked cupboards every day, and only the four members of payroll and HR have access to these files. In compliance with the Data Protection Act 1998 (Legislation, n. d. ), all employee’s paperwork are kept confidential and only senior management can request information from these files. Employees also have the right to gain access to any of the information kept on file relating to the individual. ICO, n. d. ) Payroll only deducts payments that are either required by law, payroll has had written instructions from the employee or HR manager, or it has been outlined in the staff handbook. (Emplaw, 2013). Payroll or HR will acknowledge these changes with a confirmation letter to the employee, of which a copy will be filed. In the event of any over or under payments, these are collected as inst ructed per the staff handbook. The same applies if an employee leaves with a season ticket loan balance, this will be deducted in the final pay in accordance with the handbook. In the event of an employee leaving the company either by resignation or termination of contract, for the majority of the time the rules and legislation are adhered to. Every employee has the notice period specified in the contract of employment, which are above the statutory requirements (Gov. uk, 2013). Every employee must tend written resignations, which are passed onto payroll for processing. Payroll manually calculate the prorated pay and benefits for the relevant month of leaving, along with any holidays due or overpaid which are paid or deducted from the final salary. This is stipulated in an exit letter from the HR manager; however there is currently no guidance on how a day’s pay is calculated. All leavers are paid the final salary and issued a P45 on the customary pay date. (HMRC, n. d). In the event of death in service, which has occurred twice at Global, the same procedures apply for notifying HMRC and the deceased box is completed. (HMRC n. d). Although Global performs checks before employing members of staff, there have been numerous staff employed that have not been satisfactory in performing the duties of the role. This has led to Global paying compromise agreements to certain staff to leave the company amicably. (MS-solicitors, 2013). Management and HR have not been thorough with background checks, and this has meant staff have been unexpectedly dismissed. There have been several redundancies over the years of varying ages and capabilities, all of which have resulted in different redundancy packages. Depending on pay scale and length of employment, this will determine what the company will pay out. (Citizens Advice, 2013). Generally Global pays the statutory minimum, however longer serving employees have been paid more. There are currently no terms and conditions in the handbook on how the company calculates redundancy pay. The final payment is usually paid on the last date of employment. Global generally has a period of consultations with the employees that are up for redundancy. (CIPD, 2013). When payroll calculate the final redundancy payment, the element of actual redundancy pay is tax and national insurance free up to ? 30,000. (HMRC, n. d). Any monies above this limit are deducted tax and national insurance, the pay that is taxable will be included on the P45 which is produced and given to the employee on the last day of employment. When employees decide to retire, the process is dealt with in the same manner as leavers. The employee is issued a P45 and the final salary is paid on the last day of employment. Global do not pay pensioners, it is payable by an external pension provider. (CIPP, 2012 p. 62) The payroll department notifies the providers with the relevant details so that payment can commence at the earliest opportunity. The company helps employees with the transition from full time employment to retirement with a number of resources; these include retirement seminars and reduced working hours. (Employee benefits, 2012). All leavers from Global are processed by payroll either on the contractual pay date or last day of employment, whichever has been mutually agreed. Every employee is issued a final P45 upon leaving the company, and the P60 is posted at the end of the tax year. External bodies are notified of leavers, HMRC are electronically sent P45’s (HMRC, n. d). Benefit providers are informed of employee’s last date of employment and all benefits are cancelled thereafter. To date Global has not been affected by any transfers to new ownership, so currently does not have any guidance in the staff handbook relating to Transfer of Undertakings Regulations 2008 (Legislation, n. d). 4. Special Cases Equal Opportunities 4. 1 Other payroll considerations Global encounters various situations where different considerations of payroll processing are applied. (CIPP, 2012 p66). Global is a multinational company which sees overseas and local staff being seconded to various branches of the company. The main reason for this is that a range of skills are required for certain projects. The company has had a few members of staff from the London office working abroad on secondment for up to six months. As per HMRC (n. d), the seconded employees are paid as per usual on the contracted pay date. Due to the employees working overseas for less than a year, the pay is processed no different than if the employee worked in the UK. A new contract is drafted for the period of secondment covering any new terms and conditions. The London office has also had a few employees from foreign branches working for several months. The employee completes a P46 (Ex-pat) and HMRC advice is sought for payment of employee depending on which country it relates to. (CIPP, 2012 p67). The company actively takes on student workers during holiday season, mainly on behalf of various members of staff. Every student completes a P38(S) upon commencement of employment. This form entitles all students to receive wages without income tax being deducted. (HMRC, n. d). All students are set up on the system as a new starter, issued a contract and are paid on the same date as all Global employees. The majority of the student workers are of school age, which means the company does not have to pay the minimum wage (Gov. uk, 2013). However, all students are paid ? 10 an hour whilst employed by Global, which is above the National Minimum Wage and means that all students are covered by legislation regardless of age. 4. 2 Equality Diversity Legislation states that it is unlawful for an employer to deny any potential applicants a job based on age, sex, gender, religion, race and disability. (Home office, 2012). Global has documented policies in the staff handbook elating to equal opportunities, and procedures if and when discrimination was to take place within the company and how to make a claim. The Equality Act 2010 covers a broad group of employees that are protected by any form of discrimination or harassment. (Acas, 2011). All areas of the Equality Act 2010 are addressed within the policies of Global, due to the ever increasing members of staff with varying ethnic backgrounds a nd religious beliefs joining the company. The Equal Pay Act 1970 which was replaced by the Equality Act 2010 (Equalpayportal, 2012), states that all men and women employed to do the same job are to be treated equal. Within the company there are no apparent differences between men and women doing similar roles, however payroll are aware that the pay structure and pay rates are not comparable with each other. Both areas need reviewing and updating. Redundancy is an area that could create a cause for discrimination. (Gov. uk, 2013). Employers cannot make an employee leave the company once retirement age has been reached. (Acas, n. d). This would be classed as age discrimination; all employees have the right to work passed retirement age. Payroll need to make sure that procedures are followed and the system is updated where employees are passed retirement age and tax and national insurance codes are changed where necessary. 5. Conclusion Recommendations The findings in this report conclude that Global is a relatively well managed company. Global has numerous procedures in place which are generally effective, but also have room for improvement. The main areas for concern are recruitment and employee dismissals. The findings and conclusion in this report support the following recommendations: TUPE procedures should be addressed and included in the staff handbook in the eventuality there is a change of ownership. †¢ The working day calculation should be included in the staff handbook. †¢ Employee contracts should be reviewed and updated on a regular basis, covering all aspects of employment legislation. †¢ Recruitment of staff should be processed more meticulously and all background checks and references should be scrutinised. †¢ When conducting the annual PRP reviews, any competency issues should be addressed along with possible disciplinary actions. Global and employees would benefit if the company had a probation period for new starters. Depending on the pay scale and role, there should be various lengths of probations. †¢ The company should include redundancy terms and conditions in the staff handbook. †¢ Revise pay scales and structure and ensure all are in line with current market rates. †¢ Treatment of student workers should be included in staff handbook. REFERENCES Acas (2012), Varying a contract of employment [Online], available at: http://www. acas. org. uk/CHttpHandler. ashx? id=316, [Accessed 20 January 2013] Acas (n. d. , National Minimum Wage [Online], available at: http://www. acas. org. uk/index. aspx? articleid=1902, [Accessed 20 January 2013] Acas (n. d. ), Age discrimination [Online], available at: http://www. acas. org. uk/index. aspx? article id=1841, [Accessed 20 January 2013] Acas (2011), The Equality Act 2010 [Online], available at: http://www. acas. org. uk/index. aspx? articleid=3017, [Accessed 20 January 2013] Businessballs (2010), Induction training and induction checklist [Online], available at: http://www. businessballs. com/inductiontrainingchecklist. htm, [Accessed 20 January 2013]

Global Warming Causes and Effects

Table of Contents Introduction Causes of Global Warming Effects of Global Warming Conclusion Works Cited Introduction Global warming is one of the greatest problems facing the world today, because of its frightening effects that are evident in the present world. Global warming is the tremendous increase of the global temperatures, which results due to the trapping of heat in the atmosphere. Signs of global warming are evident all over the world with the increased temperatures, unpredictable climatic conditions, disappearing of some species of birds and animals, and an increase in the sea level.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Global Warming: Causes and Effects specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although people are not only aware but have also have tasted the impacts of these effects, very few individuals have taken the required action to save the earth from destruction, as most people still embrace practices th at are the primary causes of global warming such as the use of fossil fuels, deforestation, and the use of chemical fertilizers. Therefore, although some natural factors have contribute to global warming, human actions are the primary causes of global warming and unless such practices are controlled, likelihoods of Saving the earth from effects of global warming, for example, drought, flooding, and extinctions of some species of flora and fauna are minimal. Causes of Global Warming The primary causes of global warming are the most cherished human practices that have existed since time memorial. One of the primary causes of global warming is the increased amount of the carbon dioxide emissions in the environment. With the ever-increasing use of electricity as one of the primary sources of energy in most sectors of the economy, there has been a continuous release of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Electricity is primarily produced from burning of coal in p ower plants, and because it is very hard to survive without it, likelihoods of such gases filing the earth are high. Carbon dioxide is one the gases that trap heat energy in the atmosphere, leading to increased atmospheric temperatures. Another cause of global warming is the ever-increasing emission of greenhouse gases from burning of gasoline. The modern car culture is one of the primary sources of green house gases, as most transportation and manufacturing industry rely on fossil fuels as its primary source of fuels. Global warming is also a product of some agricultural practices such as planting of rice in paddies. Although agriculture is the backbone of most global economies, some agricultural practices are primary sources of some dangerous greenhouse gases such as methane, as a result of the breaking down of bacteria in areas with limited supply of oxygen (Essick 1).Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper w ith 15% OFF Learn More In addition to increased use of fossil fuels and some agricultural practices that release dangerous gases into the environment, other human practices such as deforestation have also contributed to global warming. Although nowadays most individuals use cooking and other environmentally friendly sources of energy in their homes, the use of forest for fuel is common, because of the numerous trees that are cut daily for charcoal and wood. Further, the need for land to accommodate the ever-increasing population numbers has forced most societies to encroach into forested or protected land. Deforestation destroys trees that are the primary air purifiers, as they help to remove carbon dioxide from the environment. On the other hand, the use of chemical fertilizers that are rich in nitrogen have also contributed to global warming, as nitrogen compounds have one of the greatest heat-trapping capacity (Markham Para. 1-5). Effects of Global Warming As a result of the numerous contributions of human actions to global warming, human beings must bear the brunt of their actions, which unless they accept to control, the wellbeing o future generations will be at stake. One evident effects of global warming is the rising level of the sea level, caused by the melting of the ice sheets in Antarctica and Greenland. The effects of such increases are evident, as floods and massive storms have become one of the most prevalent calamities that face most societies year in, year out. In addition, there has been an increase in other deadly calamities, such as droughts and tropical diseases that are connected to global warming; hence, the need for individuals to cooperate and save the world. Further, as research studies show some species of birds such as the Adà ©lie penguins have drastically reduced in numbers, a case that is likely to become worse if people do not take responsibility for their actions, as most species of flora and fauna will find it very h ard to adapt to new ecosystems (Jones 1). Conclusion In conclusion, considering the deadly nature of the effects of global warming and because global warming is primarily a product of human activities, there is need for collective responsibility to save Mother Nature. Failure to do this can lead to numerous devastating calamities that will greatly jeopardize the wellbeing of both present and future generations. Works Cited Essick, Peter. Causes of global warming. National Geographic society. 2011. Web. Markham, Derek. Global warming effects and causes. Planet Save. June 7.2009. Web.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Global Warming: Causes and Effects specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Jones, Jeremy. What are the effects of global warming on earth? 2010. Web. This essay on Global Warming: Causes and Effects was written and submitted by user Livia K. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Flash Fiction Definition and History

Flash Fiction Definition and History Flash fiction goes by many names, including microfiction, microstories, short-shorts, short short stories, very short stories, sudden fiction, postcard fiction and nanofiction. While it can be difficult to pinpoint an exact definition of flash fiction based on word count, consideration of several of its features can help provide clarity about this compressed form of short story. CharacteristicsofFlash Fiction Brevity.  Regardless of the specific word count, flash fiction attempts to condense a story into the fewest words possible. To look at it another way, flash fiction tries to tell the biggest, richest, most complex story possible within a certain word limit.A beginning, middle, and end.  In contrast to a vignette or reflection, most flash fiction tends to emphasize  plot. While there are certainly exceptions to this rule, telling a complete story is part of the excitement of working in this condensed form.A twist or surprise at the end.  Again, there are plenty of exceptions to this rule, but setting up expectations and then turning them upside down in a short space is one hallmark of successful flash fiction. Length There is no universal agreement about the length of flash fiction, but it is usually fewer than 1,000 words long. In general, microfiction and nanofiction tend to be extremely brief. Short short stories are a little longer and sudden fiction tends to be the longest of the short forms, all of which can be referred to by the umbrella term flash fiction. Usually, the length of flash fiction is determined by the specific book, magazine or website thats publishing the story. Esquire magazine, for example, held  a flash fiction contest in 2012 in which the word count was determined by the number of years the magazine had  been in publication. National Public Radios Three-Minute Fiction contest asks writers to submit stories that can be read in less than three minutes. While the contest does have a 600-word limit, clearly the length of reading time is more important than the number of words. Background Examples of very short stories can be found throughout history and across many cultures, but there is no question that flash fiction is currently enjoying an immense wave of popularity. Two editors who have been influential in popularizing the form are Robert Shapard and James Thomas, who began publishing their Sudden Fiction series, featuring stories of fewer than 2,000 words, in the 1980s. Since then, they have continued to publish flash fiction anthologies, including New Sudden Fiction, Flash Fiction Forward and Sudden Fiction Latino, sometimes in collaboration with other editors. Another important early player in the flash fiction movement was Jerome Stern, the director of the creative writing program at Florida State University, which inaugurated its Worlds Best Short Short Story contest in 1986. At the time, the contest challenged participants to write a complete short story in no more than 250 words, though the limit for this contest has since been raised to 500 words. Though some writers initially eyed flash fiction with skepticism, others embraced the challenge of telling a complete story in the fewest words possible, and readers responded enthusiastically. Its safe to say that flash fiction has now gained mainstream acceptance. For its July 2006 issue, for instance, O, The Oprah Magazine  commissioned flash fiction by well-known authors such as Antonya Nelson, Amy Hempel, and Stuart Dybek. Today, flash fiction contests, anthologies and websites abound. Literary journals that traditionally have published only longer stories now frequently feature works of flash fiction in their pages as well. Six-Word Stories One of the most famous examples of flash fiction, often misattributed to Ernest Hemingway, is the six-word story, For sale: baby shoes, never worn. Garson OToole at Quote Investigator has done extensive work tracing the origin of this story if youd like to learn more about it. The baby shoes story has spawned so many websites and publications devoted to six-word stories that it merits special mention here. Readers and writers have clearly been captivated by the depth of emotion hinted at by these six words. It is so sad to imagine why those baby shoes were never needed, and even sadder to imagine the stoic person who picked himself or herself up from loss and got down to the practical work of taking out a classified ad to sell the shoes. For carefully curated six-word stories, try Narrative magazine. Narrative is very selective about all the work they publish, so youll find only a handful of six-word stories there every year, but all of them resonate. For six-word nonfiction, Smith Magazine is well known for its six-word memoir collections, most notably Not Quite What I Was Planning. Purpose With its seemingly arbitrary word limits, you might be wondering what the point of flash fiction is. But when every writer works within the same constraints, whether its 79 words or 500 words, flash fiction becomes almost like a game or a sport. Rules increase creativity and showcase talent. Almost anyone with a ladder could drop a basketball through a hoop, but it takes a real athlete to dodge the competition and make a 3-point shot during a game. Likewise, the rules of flash fiction challenge writers to squeeze more meaning out of language than they might ever have thought possible, leaving readers awestruck by their accomplishments.

Healthy food on the go chain companies at start up level Research Proposal

Healthy food on the go chain companies at start up level - Research Proposal Example Although the customer lost the case, it entailed negative publicity about MacDonald’s image causing serious damage that took time and huge amounts to repair. For some time, the company experienced drop in sales. In the past, fast food chains and restaurants continue to add healthier supplements to their recipes with success and sometimes with big misses. MacDonald’s for instance, flopped with its introduction of low-fat beef burger dubbed the McLean. Pizza on the other hand, failed with the addition of lower-fat pizza toppings in the Hut. Success started emerging with new entrants in the food industry such as EAT and Burger King started grilling chicken with much success. The company labeled the grilled chicken, BK Broiler now referred to as Tendergrill. People find it challenging to shop for healthy foods produced responsibly. Sometimes the labels are confusing and the lists of ingredients are complex with few directions on government regulations. It is challenging to people to identify true foods for families because the environment provides a tricky situation in most cases. Some fast food chains and restaurants take the initiative to provide reliably healthy foods that give priority to the health of their clients, the environment that they produce foods in, and producers. This is a family-owned coffee-roasting fast food located in the Pacific Northwest. The fast food offers sustainably and fairly produced foods and drinks to customers. The products benefit the consumers, the environment, as well as to the suppliers, a position taken by farmers. The company operates on the mission of supporting social equity and environmental sustainability using organic, trade, and shade-grown coffee. The health of the products offered by Grounds for Change restaurant is certified organic (Pinto, 2010, p. 42). Food materials come from farmers emphasizing on using